SBT Token
White Paper

Sbarter Ltd. · Person Seeking Admission
Association Sbarter · Token Issuer
Solana · SPL Token-2022
25,000,000,000 SBT Fixed Supply
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§ 02 – Article 6(3) NoticeThis white paper has not been approved by any competent authority in any EU Member State. Sbarter Ltd. is solely responsible for its content.

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§ 03 – Compliance StatementThis white paper complies with Title II of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114. To the best of the knowledge of the management body, the information presented is fair, clear and not misleading.

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§ 04 / 05 – Risk & Utility NoticesSBT may lose its value in part or in full, may not always be transferable and may not be liquid. SBT may not be exchangeable against the promised goods or services in case of project failure.

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§ 06 – Investor ProtectionSBT is not covered by investor compensation schemes (Dir. 97/9/EC) or deposit guarantee schemes (Dir. 2014/49/EU).

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Summary

Key characteristics of SBT and the Sbarter protocol — to be read as introduction to the full white paper only.

§ 07 – Important Reading Note: This summary should be read as an introduction to this white paper only. Any decision to acquire SBT should be based on the content of the complete white paper as a whole. This document does not constitute a prospectus under Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 or any other offer document under Union or national law.
§ 08Characteristics of the SBT Token

The SBT token is a fungible utility crypto-asset issued by Association Sbarter and deployed on Solana, a public Proof-of-Stake blockchain. SBT constitutes a crypto-asset under Article 3(1)(5) of MiCA and is classified as an “other crypto-asset” under Title II of that Regulation.

SBT does not qualify as: an electronic money token (EMT) · an asset-referenced token (ART) · a financial instrument under MiFID II · a deposit, structured product, securitisation instrument, or collective investment scheme · a payment instrument under PSD2.

SBT functions exclusively as the operational utility token of the Sbarter protocol — a blockchain-based coordination and automated settlement infrastructure enabling eligible users to create and participate in peer-to-peer, performance-based digital challenges within integrated third-party video games.

Four Functional Roles of SBT
Entry & Participation Token
Required to create or join an eligible skill-based challenge. Locked programmatically in a smart contract for the challenge duration.
Automated Settlement Token
Following validated match outcome data from the VGP (oracle), the smart contract automatically redistributes locked SBT between participants.
Protocol Service Fee Token
Used to pay protocol-level and oracle verification service fees. Does not confer profit participation, revenue sharing, or participation in challenge outcomes.
Governance Participation Token
Only for persons admitted as eligible members of Association Sbarter satisfying applicable statutory and compliance requirements. Token possession alone does not confer membership.
SBT does not grant: Ownership rights in Association Sbarter or any affiliated entity · Equity participation or voting rights independent of governance eligibility · Dividend rights, profit participation, or revenue sharing · Claims for repayment, redemption, or guaranteed liquidity · Rights to assets of the issuer · Any entitlement to compensation schemes or deposit guarantee protections. SBT does not represent a claim against the issuer for monetary repayment and does not promise appreciation in value.
§ 09Quality, Quantity & Restrictions on Transferability

SBT provides access exclusively to the technical functionalities of the Sbarter protocol. The services accessible through possession and use of SBT are limited to the following functional categories:

Users holding SBT may create or join skill-based challenges through the protocol interface. When creating a challenge, a user defines predetermined parameters. Participation requires that the defined SBT amount be programmatically locked within a smart contract for the duration of the challenge.

Access is conditional upon: successful KYC verification where required · jurisdictional eligibility · technical compatibility with supported video games · compliance with protocol rules. Holding SBT does not guarantee the availability of any specific game, opponent, or contest format.

Upon confirmation of participation, the relevant quantity of SBT is locked in a smart contract autonomously managed for the duration of the challenge. Following match completion, the VGP transmits authenticated outcome data strictly as a technical oracle. The VGP does not: hold user tokens · influence settlement logic · participate economically in the challenge · modify smart contract rules.

Upon receipt of validated outcome data, the smart contract executes predetermined redistribution logic automatically. The protocol does not determine game outcomes — outcomes are determined solely by player performance within the video game environment.

SBT may be used to pay protocol-level service fees, including fees associated with verification infrastructure, data processing, network maintenance, and smart contract execution. The required quantity depends on user-defined parameters and the applicable protocol fee structure at time of use.

Subject to eligibility criteria defined in the statutes of Association Sbarter, holders meeting membership and compliance requirements may participate in governance. Governance participation is not automatic upon possession of SBT, is subject to verification and statutory requirements, does not confer ownership rights, and does not grant entitlement to revenues or assets.

Quantity and Limitation of Services

SBT does not provide entitlement to a fixed quantity of services. The extent of access depends on: the number of SBT held · the entry amounts defined by users · protocol rules and fee parameters · technical availability of integrated games · regulatory restrictions in specific jurisdictions. There is no guaranteed minimum level of access or service continuity.

Restrictions on Transferability

SBT is technically transferable on the Solana blockchain without protocol-level restrictions, subject to vesting or smart-contract constraints where applicable. Transfers occur peer-to-peer through standard blockchain transactions. Access to certain protocol functionalities may be subject to eligibility verification, including KYC/AML checks or jurisdictional restrictions at the application layer. Transfers executed on-chain are irreversible once confirmed. SBT does not grant any right to redemption or conversion into fiat currency by the issuer.

What SBT and the Protocol Are Not: SBT does not provide access to financial products or investment services · gambling services operated by the issuer · profit-sharing mechanisms · capital repayment structures · interest-bearing arrangements · deposit-taking or custody services. The protocol functions solely as a technical coordination and automated settlement infrastructure for performance-based digital challenges between users.
§ 10Key Information on Admission to Trading
This white paper is published by Sbarter Ltd. exclusively in connection with the admission of SBT to trading on authorised or registered platforms under MiCA Article 5. No offer to the public of SBT is being made by means of this white paper. Any distributions of SBT completed prior to publication were conducted separately through private placement arrangements by Association Sbarter.
25B
Max Total Supply
Fixed
Supply Cap — No inflation
Raydium
Initial DEX at TGE
OKX / Gate.io
Target CEX (planned)

At TGE, SBT will be made available on Raydium (Solana DEX / AMM). No formal CEX listing agreement has been executed as of this white paper. Future admission to centralised exchanges — Gate.io, OKX, and Crypto.com are under consideration — is subject to independent platform approval, due diligence, and regulatory requirements.

Vesting & Lock-Up Overview

Certain allocation categories are subject to structured vesting arrangements and lock-up periods including initial cliff periods, progressive linear monthly release schedules, extended release timelines for reserve allocations, and conditional release structures where applicable.

At TGE, only a limited portion of the total supply will be in circulation. Circulating supply will increase progressively over time in accordance with vesting schedules.

The market value of SBT, if any, is determined exclusively by supply and demand in secondary markets. Neither entity undertakes to maintain any minimum market value or trading volume.
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Part A – Offeror

Information about Sbarter Ltd., the person seeking admission to trading under MiCA Article 5.

A.1 Name
Sbarter Ltd.
A.2 Legal Form
Not applicable
A.3 Registered Address
Not applicable
A.4 Head Office
Not applicable
A.5 Registration Date
2025-12-15
A.6 LEI
984500947BA6N54CE210
A.7 Other Identifier
Not applicable
A.8 Telephone
+356 79001201
A.10 Response Time
7 Days
A.11 Parent Company
Not applicable
A.15 Newly Established
True
A.16 Financial — Past 3 Years
Not applicable
Registered Office
Level G (Office 1/1698) Quantum House 75, Triq l-Abate Rigord, Ta’Xbiex XBX 1120, Malta
A.12Members of the Management Body
Anne-Marie Christine Quercia
Director · Legal & Judicial Representative
108 Triq San Torfimu, Sliema SLM 1116, Malta
Godwin Schembri
Director · Legal & Judicial Representative
8 ‘Il-Harruba’ Triq is-Seneskalk, Naxxar NXR 1235, Malta
Olivier Christian Carmel Andre Azzopardi
Director · Legal & Judicial Representative
111 Stuart Mansions – PH 13, Triq Sir Patrick Stuart, Gzira GZR 1054, Malta
A.13Business Activity

Sbarter Ltd. is a company incorporated under the laws of Malta. It is the publisher of this white paper and the person seeking admission to trading under MiCA. Activities include: development and maintenance of the protocol’s application-layer infrastructure · smart contract deployment and technical management · integration of VGPs as technical data providers (oracles) transmitting authenticated match results · implementation of compliance mechanisms · management of protocol-level service fee structures · coordination of token distribution and market access arrangements.

Sbarter Ltd. does not: operate video games · determine game outcomes · operate a crypto-asset trading platform · provide crypto-asset services within the meaning of MiCA.
A.14Parent Company Business Activity

Association Sbarter is a blockchain-focused organisation whose principal activity is the development and promotion of a blockchain-based ecosystem for the video game industry, providing infrastructure and tools to support its members. Its principal market is the global video gaming and digital entertainment sector.

A.17Financial Condition since Registration

Sbarter Ltd. was incorporated in Malta on 15 December 2025 and, as of the date of this white paper, has not yet commenced commercial operations. No revenues have been generated and no audited financial statements have been prepared.

Sbarter Ltd. has been engaged primarily in organisational and preparatory activities, including corporate structuring, technical development planning, and preparations for the operational rollout of the Sbarter protocol. The initial financial inflows supporting development originated from the private placement of SBT tokens conducted by Association Sbarter. Association Sbarter has confirmed its intention to make funds available to Sbarter Ltd. as necessary to support protocol development and deployment.

Prospective holders should note that Sbarter Ltd. is a recently incorporated entity with no operating history, no revenue generation to date, and no audited financial statements. The future financial position will depend on the continued development and adoption of the Sbarter protocol and the ongoing financial support provided within the Sbarter ecosystem.
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Part B – Issuer

Information about Association Sbarter, the issuer of SBT — a separate and distinct entity from the offeror Sbarter Ltd.

B.1 Issuer Different from Offeror
True
B.2 Name
Association Sbarter
B.3 Legal Form
Non-profit association under Articles 60 et seq. Swiss Civil Code
B.6 Registration Date
2024-03-27
B.7 LEI
5067003BIJLUXXWI4920
B.8 Other Identifier
Not applicable
B.9 Parent Company
Not applicable
B.4 / B.5 Address
Rue des Beaux-Arts 8, c/o LEAX Avocats Sàrl, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
B.12 Parent Activity
Not applicable
B.10Members of the Management Body
Alessandro Fried
Chairman
Flat 6 – Seacliff 225, Triq it-Torri, SLM1602 Tas-Sliema, Malta
Dominique Cor
CMO & Board Member
60 rue Victor Hugo, 69370 Saint Didier au mont d’or, France
Philippe Cardon
Senior Advisor & Board Member
1775 Chemin du Val Rivier, 14130 Bonneville la Louvet, France
Ulrich Harmuth
Member of the Supervisory Board
Untere Böhlstrasse, 59052 Niederteufen, Switzerland
Godwin Schembri
CTO & Board Member
8 ‘Il-Harruba’ Triq is-Seneskalk, Naxxar NXR 1235, Malta
Enrico Bradamante
Board Member
Apt 3252 Portomaso block 32, Vjal portomaso, St Julian STJ4019, Malta
B.11Business Activity of the Issuer

Association Sbarter is a non-profit association incorporated under Article 60 et seq. of the Swiss Civil Code, with registered office in Switzerland. It acts as the issuer of SBT and is the legal owner of the intellectual property relating to the Sbarter protocol, including protocol architecture specifications, branding, and related technical documentation.

Activities Limited To

Issuance of SBT · Stewardship and protection of protocol-related intellectual property · Definition of governance principles in accordance with its statutes · Oversight of long-term ecosystem objectives and sustainability.

Structural Clarity: The separation between the Association (issuer and IP owner) and Sbarter Ltd. (operator and offeror) is designed to ensure structural clarity between token issuance, intellectual property ownership, and operational management. The Association does not guarantee token value, secondary market liquidity, financial returns, or profit participation.
Association Sbarter does not: operate the Sbarter protocol infrastructure · manage user-facing platform activities · provide crypto-asset services under MiCA · operate a trading venue · provide investment, payment, custody, or gambling services. All operational, technical, commercial, and compliance activities are conducted by Sbarter Ltd.
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Part D – The Sbarter Project

Information about the crypto-asset project, its description, roadmap, and resource allocation.

D.1 Project Name
Sbarter
D.2 Crypto-Asset Name
SBT
D.3 Abbreviation
SBT
D.5 Persons Involved
Association Sbarter (Issuer) · Sbarter Ltd. (Person seeking admission)
D.6 Utility Token
True
D.4Project Description

The Sbarter project introduces a technical infrastructure protocol designed exclusively for performance-based digital challenges between users. The system operates on a player-versus-player basis, where outcomes are determined solely by measurable performance of participants within the underlying video game environment.

The protocol does not introduce elements of randomness, probabilistic mechanics, or outcome determination independent of player skill. It functions as an automated infrastructure layer that formalises and settles predefined challenge conditions between users.

Architecture Components
On-Chain Layer
Smart contracts and Solana programs governing token locking, vesting, and redistribution
Off-Chain Layer
Application infrastructure facilitating user interaction with the protocol
Oracle Layer
Secure API integrations with VGP systems — data transmission only, no influence on logic
Settlement Layer
Deterministic execution triggered exclusively by authenticated performance data
Only challenge formats assessed as skill-based and lawful for the relevant market may be made available. Certain games, challenge formats, user categories, or jurisdictions may be restricted, disabled, or geo-blocked where legal, regulatory, or compliance considerations so require. The protocol does not operate games of chance, betting services, or house-managed prize pools.
D.7Key Features of Goods/Services for Utility Token Projects

The SBT token is the native utility token of the Sbarter protocol. Core features accessible through SBT include:

Users may create or accept structured digital challenges by defining predetermined parameters within the protocol interface. These parameters may include the selected video game, format (e.g. one-on-one or tournament structure), participation conditions, and entry amount denominated in SBT. The protocol formalises these parameters through smart contract encoding, ensuring that the defined rules are fixed prior to challenge commencement.

Participation in a challenge requires the predefined quantity of SBT to be programmatically locked within a smart contract. The smart contract autonomously manages token custody during the lifecycle of the challenge and enforces the encoded redistribution rules. The locking and redistribution mechanisms operate deterministically and are executed without discretionary human intervention.

Following completion of the relevant game session, authenticated match outcome data is transmitted to the protocol by the relevant VGP. The VGP acts solely as a technical data provider (oracle) and supplies verified performance results derived from its own game servers. The oracle mechanism does not alter challenge parameters or influence settlement logic; it provides the data input required for automated execution.

Upon validation of outcome data, the smart contract executes the predefined redistribution logic and transfers the locked SBT in accordance with the encoded challenge rules. Redistribution occurs on-chain and is immutably recorded on the blockchain.

SBT may also be used to access protocol-level infrastructure functions, including interaction with the challenge management framework and associated verification processes. The availability and scope of these services depend on technical integration status, user eligibility requirements, and applicable regulatory conditions. The SBT token does not grant access to financial products, investment services, or house-operated gaming services.

D.8Plans for the Token — Development Roadmap

The protocol’s development roadmap focuses on continuous enhancement of functionality, fairness mechanisms, and system resilience. Progressive integration of additional competitive structures includes: multi-round tournament models · bracket-based elimination structures · league-based competition systems · time-based competitive events · hybrid competition formats. The technical framework is modular, allowing new tournament models to be embedded without altering the deterministic settlement core.

Planned ranking and integrity developments include: multi-dimensional ranking methodologies · integrity-weighted scoring systems · performance consistency modelling · anti-collusion detection parameters · reputation-based integrity scoring. In future development phases, AI-assisted analytical tools may be implemented to analyse behavioural anomalies, detect suspicious patterns of gameplay, and strengthen fraud prevention mechanisms.

The growth strategy is centred on progressive integration of Video Game Providers seeking to offer a structured, compliant competitive environment with transparent automated settlement mechanisms and an alternative monetisation model integrated at the protocol level. Adoption efforts focus on onboarding VGPs that align with regulatory standards and technical integration requirements.

The protocol is designed to operate across multiple jurisdictions, subject to legal and regulatory compatibility. Expansion follows a phased approach beginning in jurisdictions assessed as compatible, with ongoing legal assessment prior to entering new markets and implementation of jurisdiction-specific access controls where required. Expansion decisions will prioritise regulatory compliance, operational feasibility, and ecosystem stability.

Roadmap includes: initial availability on Raydium (DEX) at TGE · pursuit of admission to trading on one or more centralised exchanges · progressive enhancement of market accessibility subject to regulatory and exchange approval processes.

At present, governance control of Association Sbarter is exercised by its founders. The strategic plan contemplates a progressive transition toward broader governance participation by integrated VGPs and other eligible ecosystem contributors, subject to ecosystem maturity, operational readiness, and regulatory compatibility. This transition is intended to align protocol governance with industry stakeholders and encourage broad adoption by granting governance participation to operational contributors.

D.9Resource Allocation

Since its establishment on 27 March 2024, Association Sbarter has raised financial resources primarily through private placement of SBT tokens. Following the TGE, the Association may continue the private placement of a portion of tokens allocated to investors.

Resource AreaDescription
Protocol DevelopmentTechnical architecture, smart contract framework, backend infrastructure, integration mechanisms, application interfaces and technological components for protocol operation
Legal, Regulatory & ComplianceRegulatory assessments across relevant jurisdictions, legal structuring, preparation of technical and regulatory documentation, independent security audits, legal reviews
Ecosystem Development & Market AdoptionPartnerships with video game providers, community development, initiatives to support progressive adoption of the Sbarter protocol

Resource allocation decisions may evolve over time depending on the development stage of the protocol and the needs of the ecosystem.

D.10Planned Use of Collected Funds

Proceeds of the private placement are received and managed exclusively by Association Sbarter as the legal entity responsible for SBT issuance. No proceeds are raised by Sbarter Ltd. through publication of this white paper, which is issued exclusively in connection with admission to trading under Article 5 of MiCA.

Use of FundsDescription
Protocol Development & Technical AdvancementSmart contract architecture, tournament formats, leaderboard systems, integrity scoring, AI-supported analytics, security audits, infrastructure resilience
Ecosystem Adoption & IntegrationVGP integration frameworks, oracle interface development, scalability, UI improvements, community and ecosystem growth
Regulatory & Compliance FrameworkOngoing legal assessments, jurisdictional expansion analysis, compliance mechanisms, governance framework implementation
Operational & Administrative SupportTechnical personnel, infrastructure, cloud services, administrative expenses, corporate governance
Market Accessibility MeasuresInitial liquidity arrangements at TGE, DEX pool provisioning, preparatory work for potential CEX listings
Proceeds are not managed as an investment fund and are not intended to generate financial returns for token holders. Holding SBT does not grant dividend rights, profit participation, revenue sharing, claims on treasury assets, or repayment rights.
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Part E – Offer & Admission to Trading

Complete information about the admission of SBT to trading, allocation structure, payment methods, token transfer mechanics, and market access.

E.1 Purpose
ATTR – Admission to Trading
E.8 Private Placement Price
EUR 0.01 per SBT
E.9 Currency
EUR
E.12 Total Supply
25,000,000,000 SBT
E.13 Targeted Holders
ALL
E.20 Time-Limited Offer
False
E.32 Placement Form
NTAV
E.39 Governing Law
Laws of Malta
E.40 Competent Court
Courts of Malta, except where prohibited by Applicable Laws
E.2Reasons for Admission to Trading

This white paper is published by Sbarter Ltd. exclusively in connection with the intended admission of SBT to trading pursuant to Article 5 of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114. No offer to the public of SBT within the meaning of MiCA is being made by means of this white paper.

Any distributions of SBT completed prior to the publication of this white paper were carried out separately through private placement arrangements conducted by Association Sbarter and are described in this white paper solely for transparency purposes.

The purpose of this white paper is to provide the disclosures required for the intended admission of SBT to trading on eligible third-party trading venues, subject in each case to separate due diligence, technical integration, listing approval, and applicable legal and regulatory requirements.

SBT does not qualify as an asset-referenced token, an e-money token, or a financial instrument. It is classified as an “other crypto-asset” under Title II of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114.

E.11Offer Price Determination Method
Not applicable. No offer to the public of SBT is being made by means of this white paper. This white paper is published exclusively in connection with admission to trading pursuant to Article 5 of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114.

For transparency purposes only: the nominal private placement reference price used by Association Sbarter in earlier private placement arrangements was EUR 0.01 per SBT token before the application of any bonus allocations and subject to the vesting and lock-up arrangements described in this white paper. Following admission to trading, the market price of SBT, if any, will be determined solely by supply and demand on secondary markets.

E.14Holder Restrictions

No restriction is imposed on the category of persons who may hold SBT on secondary markets following admission to trading. SBT may be freely transferred on the Solana blockchain subject to applicable law, the vesting restrictions encoded in the Solana vesting program, and any applicable compliance requirements.

With respect to the private placement of SBT tokens conducted by Association Sbarter prior to the publication of this white paper, participation was subject to applicable KYC and AML compliance requirements under the Swiss Anti-Money Laundering Act (AMLA) and Association Sbarter’s applicable compliance framework.

PolyReg KYC Requirement: Following Association Sbarter’s affiliation with PolyReg, each participant in the private placement will be required to complete a fresh KYC procedure. Token transfers to pre-sale participants will be executed upon satisfaction of the applicable KYC requirements.

Neither Sbarter Ltd. nor Association Sbarter exercises ongoing monitoring or control over secondary market transfers of SBT following admission to trading. Holders are responsible for ensuring compliance with applicable laws in their respective jurisdictions, including any restrictions on the holding or trading of crypto-assets.

E.15Reimbursement Notice

No offer to the public of SBT within the meaning of Article 3(1)(12) of MiCA is being made by means of this white paper. This white paper is published exclusively in connection with admission to trading under Article 5 of MiCA. Accordingly, no reimbursement right under Article 13(4) of MiCA arises in connection with the publication of this white paper.

SBT does not confer any right to redemption, repayment, or reimbursement against Sbarter Ltd., Association Sbarter, or any affiliated entity arising from the holding or transfer of SBT tokens.

E.18Offer Phases

Not applicable. No offer to the public of SBT within the meaning of Article 3(1)(12) of MiCA is being made by means of this white paper. This white paper is published exclusively in connection with admission to trading under Article 5 of MiCA.

The distribution of SBT tokens has been conducted exclusively through private placement arrangements by Association Sbarter prior to the publication of this white paper, in accordance with applicable exemptions under Article 4(2) of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114.

E.19Early Purchase Incentive Structure

Prior to publication of this white paper, Association Sbarter conducted private placement allocations of SBT to selected strategic counterparties. These allocations were carried out independently and do not constitute a public offer under MiCA. The incentive structure was implemented through a bonus token mechanism rather than a reduction of the nominal subscription price, ensuring consistency of the reference price across allocation phases.

Pre-Seed Allocation
EUR 0.01 nominal
~EUR 0.004 effective
+150% bonus — 2.5× tokens per subscribed token
12-month cliff · 24-month linear vesting
Seed Allocation
EUR 0.01 nominal
~EUR 0.005 effective
+100% bonus — 2× tokens per subscribed token
6-month cliff · 18-month linear vesting
Institutional Allocation
EUR 0.01 nominal
~EUR 0.0067 effective
+50% bonus — 1.5× tokens per subscribed token
12-month cliff · 24-month linear vesting
VGP Allocation
EUR 0.01 nominal
EUR 0.01 effective
No bonus
12-month cliff · 24-month linear vesting

The progressive reduction of bonus allocations from the pre-seed phase to later institutional allocations reflects the decreasing level of project risk as development progressed and the ecosystem matured. The existence of early purchase incentives does not constitute a guarantee of financial return or capital appreciation.

E.24Payment Methods for Crypto-Asset Purchase

The following information relates to the payment methods accepted by Association Sbarter in connection with the private placement of SBT tokens conducted prior to the publication of this white paper.

Primary Payment Method

Payments for SBT tokens under the private placement were accepted by Association Sbarter in EUR via bank transfer from verified subscriber accounts, subject to applicable KYC and AML compliance procedures under the Swiss Anti-Money Laundering Act (AMLA) and Association Sbarter’s applicable compliance framework.

Crypto-Asset Payments

In limited cases, Association Sbarter accepted payment in crypto-assets, subject to the same KYC and AML requirements. Any crypto-asset consideration was converted to a fiat-equivalent value for the purpose of determining the applicable token allocation.

Secondary Market Purchases

Purchases of SBT on secondary markets, including on Raydium and any future centralised exchanges on which SBT is admitted to trading, are subject to the payment mechanisms, terms and conditions, and compliance requirements of the relevant trading platform. Neither Sbarter Ltd. nor Association Sbarter is responsible for the payment processes of independent trading platforms.

E.26Right of Withdrawal

Not applicable. No offer to the public of SBT within the meaning of Article 3(1)(12) of MiCA is being made by means of this white paper. This white paper is published exclusively in connection with admission to trading under Article 5 of MiCA. Accordingly, no statutory right of withdrawal under Article 13(4) of MiCA arises.

E.27Transfer of Purchased Crypto-Assets

At the TGE, the SBT token will be created on the Solana blockchain through execution of a dedicated Solana program.

Condition Precedent to Token Transfer

Token transfers to pre-sale participants will be executed upon satisfaction of applicable KYC requirements. Following Association Sbarter’s affiliation with PolyReg, each pre-sale participant will be required to complete a fresh KYC procedure. Tokens will be transferred to the participant’s designated Solana wallet address promptly upon successful completion of the KYC procedure and validation of the wallet address provided.

Minting and Supply Finalisation

At the Token Generation Event: the total token supply will be minted in accordance with the predefined maximum supply cap · the mint authority will be revoked following issuance · no further tokens may be created after revocation. Revocation of the mint authority ensures that the total supply of SBT cannot be increased beyond the fixed maximum cap defined in this white paper.

Vesting Program and Custody Mechanism

Following minting, allocated tokens subject to vesting conditions will not be immediately transferred to recipients. Tokens subject to cliff and vesting schedules will be transferred to accounts controlled exclusively by a dedicated Solana vesting program. The vesting program holds the tokens in a program-controlled account; neither Association Sbarter nor Sbarter Ltd. can unilaterally access or transfer tokens held within the vesting program.

Cliff and Linear Release

No tokens are released during the cliff period. After expiry of the cliff period, tokens are released progressively according to a linear schedule through automatic execution of the Solana program logic. Upon each vesting event, the corresponding amount of SBT is transferred to the wallet address designated by the relevant purchaser, or to the designated Association wallet where applicable. The vesting logic is encoded in the smart contract and operates deterministically.

Security Audit: The Solana token and vesting program have been subject to an independent security audit conducted by CertiK. The audit assessed smart contract logic, minting mechanism, authority revocation, and vesting implementation to identify potential vulnerabilities. Audit reports are available upon request or as indicated in this white paper.
Finality of Transfers

All token transfers occur on-chain and are recorded immutably on the Solana blockchain. Once transferred to a recipient’s wallet, SBT is fully controlled by the holder, subject to any remaining vesting conditions embedded in the program logic.

E.29Purchaser’s Technical Requirements
Pre-Sale Participants

Pre-sale participants who received SBT token allocations through the private placement conducted by Association Sbarter are required to maintain a non-custodial Solana-compatible wallet that supports SPL tokens in order to receive their token allocation. Participants are solely responsible for the security of their wallet, including the safekeeping of private keys and seed phrases.

Neither Sbarter Ltd. nor Association Sbarter provides custody services or has the ability to recover lost or stolen private keys or access credentials. Pre-sale participants must ensure their wallet address is correctly registered with Association Sbarter prior to the token transfer date. Neither entity accepts liability for tokens transferred to an incorrectly provided wallet address. During the applicable vesting period, participants must maintain access to their designated wallet in order to receive vested token releases. Network transaction fees (gas fees) on the Solana blockchain are the responsibility of the participant.

Secondary Market Purchasers

Persons acquiring SBT on secondary markets must comply with the technical requirements and terms and conditions of the relevant trading platform. For self-custody of SBT acquired on secondary markets, a non-custodial Solana-compatible SPL token wallet is required. Neither Sbarter Ltd. nor Association Sbarter provides technical support to secondary market purchasers.

E.33 / E.35Trading Platforms & Market Access
At TGE: SBT intended to be available on Raydium (Solana DEX / AMM). Raydium is not a crypto-asset trading platform authorised under MiCA. Neither entity controls Raydium, its pricing, liquidity, or trading volume.

Sbarter Ltd. also intends to seek admission to one or more centralised platforms. Platforms currently under consideration or intended to be approached, including but not limited to: Gate.io, OKX, and Crypto.com. No formal listing agreement has been executed as at the date of this white paper. Admission to centralised platforms is subject to independent third-party approval, due diligence, technical integration requirements, and applicable regulatory considerations.

Any admission to trading on an EU/EEA authorised platform will be announced through the official communication channels of Sbarter Ltd. and Association Sbarter. Neither entity operates any trading venue and does not provide exchange, brokerage, or multilateral trading facilities.

E.36Involved Costs

Access to and trading of SBT tokens may be subject to the fee structure and pricing policies of the respective trading platforms. Purchasers are responsible for reviewing and complying with the applicable fees, commissions, or transaction costs set by each platform.

E.38Conflicts of Interest
ConflictDescription
Issuer–Offeror RelationshipAssociation Sbarter controls Sbarter Ltd. Decisions on token issuance and exchange admission may involve overlapping governance interests. Strategic decisions may indirectly affect the value and adoption of SBT.
Founder & Early Participant HoldingsFounders and early contributors hold SBT under vesting arrangements. Following expiry of vesting schedules, these holders may transfer or sell tokens on secondary markets, which could affect market price and liquidity.
Governance ConcentrationAt publication, governance of Association Sbarter is exercised by its founders. Current concentration may create potential conflicts between founding members and other ecosystem participants.
Operational & Economic IncentivesPersons involved in development may hold SBT directly or indirectly. Such holdings may create incentives aligned with ecosystem growth but may also create conflicts where operational decisions could indirectly affect token market dynamics.
Holding SBT does not establish a fiduciary relationship between token holders and Association Sbarter or Sbarter Ltd. Neither the issuer nor the offeror undertakes to prioritise token market performance over operational, regulatory, or strategic considerations.
N/A FieldsFields Not Applicable to This Admission

The following fields are not applicable as this white paper is published exclusively in connection with admission to trading under Article 5 of MiCA, and no offer to the public is being made.

E.3
Fundraising Target — N/A
E.4
Min. Subscription Goals — N/A
E.5
Max. Subscription Goal — N/A
E.6
Oversubscription Acceptance — N/A
E.7
Oversubscription Allocation — N/A
E.10
Subscription Fee — N/A
E.16
Refund Mechanism — N/A
E.17
Refund Timeline — N/A
E.21
Subscription Period Start — N/A
E.22
Subscription Period End — N/A
E.23
Safeguarding Arrangements — N/A
E.25
Value Transfer / Reimbursement — N/A
E.28
Transfer Time Schedule — N/A
E.30
CASP Name — N/A
E.31
CASP Identifier — N/A
E.34
Trading Platform MIC — N/A
E.37
Offer Expenses — N/A
🪙

Part F – The SBT Token

Detailed characteristics, classification, tokenomics, and additional services of the SBT utility token.

F.1 Type
Utility Token
F.4 WP Type
OTHR
F.5 Submission Type
NEWT
F.7 Trading Name
Sbarter
F.8 Issuer Website
F.9 Admission Date
2026-06-02
F.10 Publication Date
2026-06-02
F.12 Language
English
F.13 DTI
NR0F94PKQ
F.14 FFG DTI
QKM436BPX
F.15 Voluntary Flag
False
F.16 Personal Data Flag
True
F.17 LEI Eligibility
True
F.18 Home Member State
Malta
F.6MiCA Classification

The SBT token is not classified as an asset-referenced token (ART) or an electronic money token (EMT) under MiCA. It does not purport to maintain a stable value by referencing another value, right, or combination thereof including official currencies.

SBT is classified as a utility token under Title II of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 — an “other crypto-asset” that does not qualify as a financial instrument, e-money token, or ART.
F.2 / F.3Token Functionality & Planned Application

The SBT token is the native utility token of the Sbarter protocol. Its functionalities consist of:

  • Use as the predefined token for creation of and participation in eligible skill-based digital challenges
  • Automated settlement of challenge outcomes through autonomous smart contracts or Solana programs based on authenticated result data submitted by integrated VGPs acting strictly as technical oracles
  • Payment of protocol-level and oracle verification service fees
  • Governance participation only for persons admitted as eligible members of Association Sbarter who satisfy applicable statutory and compliance requirements — token possession alone does not confer membership or governance rights
F.11Any Other Services Provided by the Issuer

Association Sbarter, in its capacity as issuer of SBT, does not provide crypto-asset services within the meaning of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114. The activities of Association Sbarter are limited to: issuance of the SBT token · ownership and stewardship of the intellectual property relating to the Sbarter protocol · governance oversight in accordance with its statutes · allocation of funds received in connection with token issuance for the development and promotion of the protocol’s mission.

Association Sbarter does not provide: Custody or administration of crypto-assets on behalf of third parties · Operation of a trading platform · Exchange of crypto-assets for funds or other crypto-assets · Execution of orders on behalf of third parties · Investment advice or portfolio management · Payment services · Lending or credit services · Gambling or betting services.

All operational, technical, and commercial activities relating to deployment and management of the Sbarter protocol are conducted by Sbarter Ltd., a separate legal entity. Accordingly, Association Sbarter does not provide additional services to token holders beyond those expressly described in this white paper.

TokenomicsToken Allocation Structure — 25,000,000,000 SBT
Institutional
24%
6.0B SBT
VGP Allocation
20%
5.0B SBT
Team & Founders
16.8%
4.2B SBT
Reserve
11.7%
2.925B SBT
Marketing
8%
2.0B SBT
Pre-Seed
8%
2.0B SBT
Liquidity
7.5%
1.875B SBT
Seed
4%
1.0B SBT
F.19Host Member States

Austria · Belgium · Bulgaria · Croatia · Cyprus · Czech Republic · Denmark · Estonia · Finland · France · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Iceland · Ireland · Italy · Latvia · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Netherlands · Norway · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Slovakia · Slovenia · Spain · Sweden

⚖️

Part G – Rights & Obligations

Rights attached to SBT, exercise of rights, issuer-retained tokens, transferability, and governance framework.

G.6 Utility Token
True
G.9 Non-Trading Request
True
G.12 Supply Adjustment
False
G.14 Value Protection
False
G.16 Compensation Schemes
False
G.18 Governing Law
Laws of Malta
G.19 Competent Court
Courts of Malta, except where prohibited by Applicable Law
G.1Purchaser Rights & Obligations

Holders of SBT do not acquire any ownership rights, equity interests, profit entitlement, repayment claim, or other financial claim against Association Sbarter, Sbarter Ltd., or any affiliated person. SBT is a utility crypto-asset designed solely to enable access to and interaction with the Sbarter protocol.

Holding SBT may enable a holder to:

  • Use SBT as the protocol token for eligible challenge participation
  • Pay protocol-level and oracle verification service fees
  • Where admitted as an eligible member of Association Sbarter and satisfying applicable requirements, participate in governance matters falling within the competence of Association Sbarter
Token possession alone does not create membership, governance rights, shareholder rights, dividend rights, revenue-sharing rights, redemption rights, or repayment rights.
G.2Exercise of Rights and Obligations

SBT token holders do not acquire any obligations by holding tokens. The exercise of rights associated with SBT is not subject to any additional conditions beyond compliance with applicable laws and protocol rules. Such rights relate exclusively to the use of SBT within the Sbarter protocol, including access to protocol features and, where eligibility requirements are met, participation in governance.

The most up-to-date rights are always available on the Association Sbarter website: sbarter.com/association/

G.3Conditions for Modifications of Rights and Obligations

The rights and functionalities attached to SBT may be amended only in accordance with applicable law, this white paper, the statutes of Association Sbarter, and the governance and decision-making procedures validly applicable to the relevant matter. No statement by any third party may amend the rights attached to SBT unless such amendment has been validly adopted in accordance with the documents and procedures referred to above.

Any material modification to the rights attached to SBT shall be disclosed in accordance with the notification and disclosure obligations applicable under Regulation (EU) 2023/1114. No modification shall create equity rights, redemption rights, repayment rights, or financial claims for token holders unless required by applicable law.

G.5Issuer-Retained Crypto-Assets & Vesting

A portion of the SBT supply is allocated to categories administered by Association Sbarter and constitutes issuer-retained crypto-assets until released in accordance with the tokenomics framework. Tokens subject to lock-up are deposited into a Solana SPL vesting program, enforcing applicable cliff and vesting schedules through program-controlled accounts.

AllocationSupply%Vesting Schedule
VGP Allocation5,000,000,000 SBT20%12-month cliff · 24-month linear vesting
Marketing2,000,000,000 SBT8%6-month cliff · 36-month linear vesting
Reserve2,925,000,000 SBT11.7%48-month linear vesting
Liquidity1,875,000,000 SBT7.5%Partial at TGE · 12-month vesting for remainder
G.7Key Features of Goods/Services of Utility Tokens

SBT enables eligible users to create and enter structured, performance-based digital challenges within integrated third-party video games. A predefined quantity of SBT is programmatically locked in accordance with the relevant smart contract or Solana program logic; tokens remain locked for the duration of the challenge; and upon receipt of authenticated gameplay outcome data from the relevant VGP acting as a technical oracle, the relevant on-chain program executes automatic redistribution in accordance with predefined rules. Redistribution occurs deterministically and without discretionary human intervention.

SBT may be used to pay protocol-level service fees and oracle verification service fees associated with infrastructure maintenance, result verification, smart contract execution, and network operations. Such fees are service fees only and do not entitle the holder, the issuer, Sbarter Ltd., or any VGP to participate in challenge outcomes or to receive profit-sharing rights.

Governance participation is available only to persons admitted as eligible members of Association Sbarter in accordance with its statutes and applicable compliance requirements. Governance participation requires: admission as a member of the Association · locking of SBT for governance purposes where applicable · compliance with the applicable governance framework. Token possession alone does not automatically confer membership or governance rights.

G.8Utility Token Redemption

SBT is a utility token and is not redeemable by the issuer for fiat currency, other crypto-assets, or any fixed amount of goods or services. Its utility consists of use within the Sbarter protocol for eligible skill-based challenge participation, payment of protocol-level and oracle verification service fees, and conditional governance participation through Association Sbarter where statutory eligibility and compliance requirements are satisfied.

G.11Crypto-Asset Transfer Restrictions

SBT is transferable on the Solana blockchain, subject to: applicable laws · vesting restrictions encoded in the Solana program · compliance requirements where applicable. Transfer of tokens does not automatically transfer membership status in the Association.

N/A FieldsFields Not Applicable
G.4
Future Public Offers — N/A
G.10
Purchase/Sale Modalities — N/A
G.13
Supply Adjustment Mechanisms — N/A
G.15
Value Protection Description — N/A
G.17
Compensation Description — N/A
⛓️

Part H – Underlying Technology

Information about the Solana blockchain, consensus mechanism, incentive structure, and CertiK security audit results.

H.1 DLT Type
Solana PoS Blockchain
H.3 Token Standard
SPL Token-2022
H.4 Consensus
PoS + Tower BFT + PoH
H.6 Uses DLT
True
H.8 Audited
True
Auditor
CertiK — 26 March 2026
H.2 / H.3Protocols & Technical Standards

The SBT token is issued as an SPL Token-2022 standard asset on the Solana blockchain. The SPL standard is a technical protocol for issuing and managing tokens, ensuring SBT compatibility with most wallets, exchanges, and decentralised applications (DApps). This protocol provides the foundation for secure transactions and smart contracts.

Consensus Mechanism (H.4)

Solana uses Proof-of-Stake with Tower BFT and Proof-of-History, where leaders are pre-selected by stake. Transactions, including SBT transfers, receive sub-second confirmation and high throughput.

DLT Functionality (H.7)

SBT is issued as an SPL Token-2022 on the Solana blockchain. Token issuance, transfers, vesting releases, and challenge-related on-chain settlement events are recorded on Solana. Smart contracts and Solana programs are used to lock tokens for eligible challenges, apply vesting conditions, and execute deterministic token redistribution after authenticated match outcome data is submitted by the relevant technical oracle.

H.5Incentive Mechanisms & Applicable Fees

The Sbarter protocol relies on a combination of token-based incentives, vesting mechanisms, and network-level fees to secure transactions and promote long-term, aligned participation. SBT tokens allocated to participants are subject to defined cliff and vesting schedules, which incentivise sustained engagement and reduce short-term speculative behaviour.

Governance participation is further incentivised through token-locking mechanisms, whereby eligible members may increase their governance influence by locking SBT tokens for extended periods, aligning decision-making power with long-term commitment to the protocol.

Protocol transactions — including challenge participation, escrow, settlement, and governance interactions — are executed via smart contracts deployed on the Solana blockchain. As such, users incur standard Solana network transaction fees. The Sbarter protocol itself does not impose additional protocol-level transaction fees on SBT transfers.

Where applicable, oracle fees payable in SBT compensate Video Game Providers acting as independent result verifiers, ensuring accurate outcome reporting and the integrity of challenge settlement. Any fees associated with fiat conversion or secondary market trading arise from independent third-party on-ramp providers or decentralised exchanges and are external to the protocol.

H.9CertiK Security Audit Results

CertiK security audit of the SBT smart contract and SPL vesting program was performed on 26 March 2026.

0
Critical
0
Major
0
Medium
12
Total Findings

CertiK found zero Critical, Major, or Medium security vulnerabilities in the Sbarter smart contracts. All 12 findings were successfully addressed: 4 Resolved · 7 Acknowledged · 1 Mitigated via Multi-Sig.

SBA-05 (Centralization Risk): mitigated via 2-of-4 multi-signature wallet controlled by Association Sbarter, ensuring no single point of failure. SBA-07 (Minor Risk): fully resolved by the development team. 10 Informational findings acknowledged as harmless edge cases.

Overall audit outcome demonstrates that the Sbarter protocol’s code is secure and structurally sound, with all identified issues successfully addressed, mitigated through decentralised governance, or acknowledged as harmless edge cases. 0 findings were Declined.

Part I – Risk Factors

Comprehensive risk disclosure covering offer-related, issuer-related, crypto-asset, project implementation, and technology risks.

Risk Warning: Investing in crypto-assets involves significant risk. SBT may lose its value in part or in full, may not always be transferable, and may not be liquid. Prospective holders should carefully review all risk factors before making any acquisition decision.
I.1Offer-Related Risks

The admission to trading of the SBT token involves risks related to market volatility, liquidity, regulatory uncertainties, and trading conditions. The crypto-asset market is highly dynamic, and the price of the SBT token may experience significant fluctuations due to market sentiment, macroeconomic trends, and speculative activity.

There is no guarantee of sustained liquidity or that an active secondary market for the SBT token will develop or remain stable over time. Regulatory changes may impact trading conditions, exchange availability, or compliance requirements, potentially restricting access to the SBT token in certain jurisdictions or imposing additional obligations on holders.

I.2Issuer-Related Risks

During the initial phase, decision-making authority over the Sbarter protocol and the activities of Association Sbarter is primarily exercised by the founding team and designated governing bodies. Holders of SBT have limited ability to influence governance decisions during this initial phase, including decisions that may affect the development, functionality, or utility of the Sbarter protocol. The planned transition toward broader community participation is not guaranteed to develop exactly as currently envisaged.

Association Sbarter is structured as a non-profit entity and does not currently generate independent commercial revenues. Its ability to fund the development of the Sbarter protocol depends primarily on financial resources obtained through private placement allocations of SBT and other ecosystem funding mechanisms. If available financial resources prove insufficient, the Association may face limitations in executing its development roadmap, supporting ecosystem expansion, or fulfilling its functions as issuer of the SBT token.

The development and strategic direction of the Sbarter ecosystem depend in part on the continued involvement of its founders and key contributors. The loss, unavailability, or reduced involvement of key individuals could adversely affect the development of the Sbarter protocol, the implementation of its strategic roadmap, or the coordination of ecosystem activities.

Association Sbarter is established as a Swiss association pursuant to Articles 60–79 of the Swiss Civil Code, imposing certain governance and operational constraints. Changes to applicable Swiss law governing associations, or changes to the interpretation of such laws by competent authorities, could affect the governance structure or operational framework of Association Sbarter.

Association Sbarter is based in Switzerland and is subject to applicable Swiss legal and regulatory frameworks, including financial market regulations where relevant. Future regulatory developments or reinterpretations by Swiss authorities, including FINMA, could affect the regulatory treatment of the SBT token or the activities of Association Sbarter and could require modifications to the operational structure of the ecosystem.

I.3Crypto-Asset-Related Risks

The SBT token is a utility token with no enforceable obligations or financial claims against Association Sbarter or any third party. Its value and utility are dependent on network adoption, platform development, and ecosystem growth, rather than intrinsic financial guarantees.

Risk TypeDescription
Market & LiquiditySBT price is subject to market fluctuations, market sentiment, trading activity, and macroeconomic factors. No guarantee of sustained liquidity or stable secondary market.
Blockchain & TransactionSBT operates on Solana — subject to gas fees, network congestion, and potential disruptions impacting transaction costs and settlement times.
Smart Contract & SecurityAs an on-chain asset, SBT relies on smart contract functionality which may be exposed to vulnerabilities, exploits, or unforeseen technical failures.
RegulatoryChanges in crypto regulations, taxation, or trading laws could impact the availability, usability, or trading conditions of SBT in different jurisdictions.
I.4Project Implementation-Related Risks
Regulatory and Legal Risk

The Sbarter project operates in a legally sensitive environment spanning crypto-assets, platform operations, consumer protection, AML/KYC compliance, advertising restrictions, and the regulation of skill-based digital competitions. The legal treatment of skill-based digital challenges, crypto-assets, and related application-layer services differs across jurisdictions and may change or be reinterpreted over time.

Only challenge formats assessed as lawful for the relevant market may be made available, and certain jurisdictions, games, or features may be restricted or excluded. Sbarter Ltd. and Association Sbarter have obtained jurisdiction-specific legal analyses for selected markets and continue to monitor legal and regulatory developments.

Swiss counsel has analysed the current SBT structure, and prior correspondence with FINMA exists in relation to earlier project iterations. However, no assurance can be given that competent authorities, including Swiss authorities, will maintain the same interpretation for the current or future structure, or that future changes in law, guidance, or enforcement practice will not require modifications to the project or restrict operations in one or more jurisdictions.

I.5Technology-Related Risks

Smart contracts are generally immutable and execute automatically without human intervention. Errors, vulnerabilities, or unintended behaviours in the smart contract code could result in the loss of funds, incorrect challenge settlements, or exploitation by malicious actors. While audited by CertiK, a security audit does not guarantee the complete absence of vulnerabilities, and previously undetected errors or novel attack vectors may be identified following deployment.

SBT is deployed on the Solana blockchain. The availability and performance of the Sbarter protocol are dependent on the continued operation, security, and stability of the Solana network. The Solana network has experienced periods of degraded performance and outages in the past. Any future network outages, forks, protocol upgrades, or security incidents could disrupt the Sbarter protocol, delay challenge settlements, or prevent token transfers. Neither Association Sbarter nor Sbarter Ltd. controls the development or governance of the Solana blockchain.

The Sbarter protocol relies on video game providers acting as oracles to submit verified challenge outcome data to the smart contracts. The accuracy and integrity of challenge settlements depend on the reliability and honesty of these oracles. Any failure, manipulation, or compromise of the oracle function — whether through technical error, dishonest conduct, or external attack — could result in incorrect challenge settlements and loss of funds for participants. The protocol has been designed to ensure that VGPs act exclusively as technical data submitters with no economic interest in challenge outcomes. However, the protocol cannot guarantee against all forms of oracle failure or manipulation.

Rapid growth in user activity could stress the Sbarter platform’s infrastructure, potentially leading to service degradation, downtime, or delayed transaction processing. Web2 infrastructure is hosted on Amazon Web Services (AWS), providing on-demand scalability and global availability. Backend systems are designed with redundancy and load-balancing capabilities, and the architecture is modular to support progressive integration. However, unexpected demand spikes, AWS service disruptions, or unforeseen technical failures could adversely affect user experience and platform reliability.

The Sbarter platform, its backend infrastructure, and the wallets and private keys of participants are potential targets for cyberattacks, including hacking, phishing, distributed denial-of-service attacks, and social engineering. A successful attack could result in loss of funds, theft of user data, or disruption of platform operations. While Sbarter Ltd. has implemented security measures, no cybersecurity framework can provide absolute protection against all attack vectors.

Participation in the Sbarter protocol requires the use of a non-custodial Solana-compatible wallet. The security of a participant’s SBT tokens is dependent on the security of their private keys and seed phrases. Sbarter Ltd. and Association Sbarter have no ability to recover lost or stolen private keys. Loss of access to a wallet — through loss of private keys, hardware failure, or theft — may result in the permanent loss of SBT tokens.

The blockchain and crypto-asset technology landscape is evolving rapidly. Technologies, protocols, and standards that are currently considered best practice may become outdated or be superseded by superior alternatives. There is no guarantee that the Sbarter protocol will remain technologically competitive over its intended operational lifetime, or that Sbarter Ltd. and Association Sbarter will have the resources to upgrade the protocol in response to technological developments.

I.6Risk Mitigation Measures
RiskMitigation Measure
Governance concentrationTwo-phase governance model, voting concentration limits, and eligibility-based governance designed to reduce concentration over time
Financial dependencyPrivate placement proceeds, treasury planning, reserve allocations, and structured vesting schedules intended to support development over a multi-year horizon
Key person riskOperational, technical, and governance responsibilities distributed across multiple persons and entities
Regulatory and legal riskJurisdiction-specific legal analyses obtained for selected markets; regulatory developments monitored on an ongoing basis; product availability restricted by market, game, format, or user category where required by law
Market adoption riskProtocol designed for API-based integration without requiring changes to core gameplay, with low integration friction and no commitment by VGPs to adopt at scale
Token demand and valuationSBT designed as utility-first with vesting and lock-up structures intended to moderate supply release
Fraud and verification riskKYC/AML controls, fraud detection tools, transparent on-chain settlement, and dispute-handling procedures
Competition riskDifferentiation through skill-based challenge architecture, authenticated result submission, and deterministic settlement
Smart contract riskCertiK security audit completed with zero critical findings; code architecture intended to reduce operational vulnerabilities
Solana blockchain riskSolana selected for throughput, latency, and ecosystem compatibility; protocol remains dependent on continued Solana availability
Oracle integrity riskVGPs structured as technical data submitters only, with deterministic on-chain settlement logic and no intended economic participation in challenge outcomes
Scalability and infrastructureModular architecture, redundancy, load-balancing, and scalable hosting arrangements (AWS)
Cybersecurity riskSecurity measures, infrastructure monitoring, access controls, and periodic security reviews
Private key riskUsers required to use non-custodial wallets and are solely responsible for safeguarding private keys and seed phrases
Technology obsolescenceProtocol architecture intended to remain modular and upgradeable at the application layer
🌱

Part J – Sustainability Indicators

Mandatory sustainability indicators on adverse impact on the climate and other environment-related adverse impacts of the consensus mechanism.

S.1 Name
Sbarter Ltd.
S.2 LEI
984500947BA6N54CE210
S.3 Crypto-Asset
SBT
S.4 Consensus Mechanism
PoS + Tower BFT + Proof-of-History (Solana)
S.6 Reporting Period Start
2025-01-01
S.7 Reporting Period End
2025-12-31
S.5Incentive Mechanisms & Applicable Fees

The Sbarter protocol relies on a combination of token-based incentives, vesting mechanisms, and network-level fees to secure transactions and promote long-term, aligned participation. SBT tokens allocated to participants are subject to defined cliff and vesting schedules, which incentivise sustained engagement and reduce short-term speculative behaviour.

Governance participation is further incentivised through token-locking mechanisms. Protocol transactions — including challenge entry, escrow, settlement, and governance interactions — are executed via smart contracts deployed on Solana. Users incur standard Solana network transaction fees. The Sbarter protocol does not impose additional protocol-level transaction fees on SBT transfers.

Oracle fees payable in SBT compensate Video Game Providers acting as independent result verifiers. Any fees associated with fiat conversion or secondary market trading arise from independent third-party providers and are external to the protocol.

S.8 / S.9Mandatory Key Indicator — Energy Consumption
0.000244 kWh
Average energy per SBT transaction (0.879 kJ) — tied to Solana’s PoS/PoH efficiency
10,469 MWh
Total annualised energy consumption of the Solana network for the reporting period
Source (S.9): Solana Climate Dashboard: MiCA Compliance Report, Solana Foundation, Version March 2026, accessed March 10, 2026 via climate.solana.com/mica-compliance. The figure relates to the underlying blockchain network rather than to the application-layer infrastructure operated by Sbarter Ltd.
S.10 – S.14Supplementary Key Indicators — Energy & GHG Emissions
35.55%
S.10 – Renewable energy consumption (weighted avg. of validator node locations)
0.0000100 kWh
S.11 – Energy intensity per transaction / operation
0 tCO2e
S.12 – Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions — controlled (direct emissions effectively zero)
4,760.22 tCO2e
S.13 – Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions — purchased electricity for validator operations
~0.00000223 kgCO2e
S.14 – GHG intensity per transaction
Sources (S.15 / S.16): Solana Climate Dashboard: MiCA Compliance Report, Solana Foundation, Version March 2026, accessed March 10, 2026 via climate.solana.com/mica-compliance. To the extent that the source does not provide a directly reported figure for the exact reporting period, the figure has been derived by reference to the closest available reporting period and the methodology disclosed by the underlying source.